1
一般过去时的基本结构
 
1. 肯定句形式：主语+动词过去式+其他 　
 
I was an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我是一名英语老师。
 
I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。
 
2. 否定句形式：①was/were+not;   ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词 　
 
I wasn't an English teacher one year ago. 一年前我不是一名英语老师。
 
I didn't buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。
 
3. 一般疑问句：①was/were提到句首；②Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 　
 
Were you an English teacher one year ago? 一年前你是一名英语老师吗？
 
Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗？
 
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
 
What were you one year ago? 一年前你是做什么的？
 
When did you buy a yellow dress? 你什么时候买了一条黄裙子？
 
2
一般过去时的基本用法
 
1. 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态（与现在无关） 。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。
 
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
 
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？
 
2. 在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。
 
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
 
注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。
 
He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。
 
Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。
 
3. 表示主语过去的特征或性格。
 
At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。
 
4. 一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。
 
I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。
 
5. 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。
 
I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。
 
6.【注意】
 
（1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。
 
He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 
他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。
 
（2）注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。
 
——Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。
——是2566666。 
 
7.【常见考法】
 
对于一般过去时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用一般过去时，或动词过去式的正确变化，或一般过去时的句型构成。
 
典型例题：1. Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.（改为一般疑问句）
 
答案：Did Xiao Lin go fishing this morning?
 
解析：这是一道句型转换题，考查到同学们对一般过去时的句型构成的掌握。一般过去时的一般疑问句句型构成为：Did+主语+do+其他？，即句首加 Did，句中过去式还原。
 
8.【误区提醒】
 
有些句子，虽然没有表示过去明确时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！ 
 
典型例题：I didn''t know you      (be)in Paris. 　
 
答案：were
 
解析：题干意思是“我不知道你在巴黎”。因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.
3
动词过去式的变化规则
 
1. 规则变化
 
①一般情况下，直接加ed
work—— worked 
look——looked 
walk——walked　
 
②以e结尾的单词，直接加d
live ——lived 
hope——hoped 
use——used　　
 
③以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed
study——studied 
carry——carried  　
 
④以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed
enjoy ——enjoyed 　
play——played
 
⑤以重读、一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节结尾的动词，双写最后的辅音字母+ed
stop—— stopped
plan——planned
prefer——preferred
 
2. 不规则变化
一、AAA型（原形→原形→原形）
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
read
read
read
读
cut
cut
cut
切，割
let
let
let
让
put
put
put
放
cost
cost
cost
花费，值
hit
hit
hit
撞，击
set
set
set
安排，安置
hurt
hurt
hurt
使…伤痛
bet
bet
bet
赌博，打赌
cast
cast
cast
抛
 
二、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形）
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
become
became
become
成为
come
came
come
来
run
ran
run
跑
throw
threw
thrown
扔
三、ABC型
1. ow →ew →own
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
blow
blew
blown
吹
draw
drew
drawn
画
grow
grew
grown
生长
know
knew
known
知道
2. i→a →u
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
begin
began
begun
开始
drink
drank
drunk
喝
sing
sang
sung
唱
swim
swam
swum
游泳
ring
rang
rung
打电话
3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
wear
wore
worn
穿
forget
forgot
forgotten
忘记
speak
spoke
spoken
说
freeze
froze
frozen
冻
choose
chose
chosen
选择
drive
drove
driven
驾驶
mistake
mistook
mistaken
误解
rise
rose
risen
上升
shake
shook
shaken
摇
4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
eat
ate
eaten
吃
forbid
forbade
forbidden
禁止
give
gave
given
给
ride
rode
ridden
骑
see
saw
seen
看见
write
wrote
written
写
fall
fell
fallen
落下
break
broke
broken
打破，折断
forgive
forgave
forgiven
原谅；宽恕
5. 无规律
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
am/is
was
been
是
are
were
been
是
do
did
done
做
go
went
gone
走
take
took
taken
拿
四、ABB型
1. 原形→ought →ought
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
bring
brought
brought
带来
buy
bought
bought
买
fight
fought
fought
打架
think
thought
thought
思考
seek
sought
sought
寻求
2. 原形→aught →aught
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
catch
caught
caught
捉,抓
teach
taught
taught
教
3. 变其中一个元音字母
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
feed
fed
fed
喂
meet
met
met
遇见
get
got
got
得到
hold
held
held
拥有
babysit
babysat
babysat
临时照看
sit
sat
sat
坐
win
won
won
赢
find
found
found
发现
bend
bent
bent
使弯曲
dig
dug
dug
挖
lead
led
led
引导
sell
sold
sold
卖
4. 原形→□t→□t
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
feel
felt
felt
感到
keep
kept
kept
保持
leave
left
left
离开
sleep
slept
slept
睡
sweep
swept
swept
扫
smell
smelt
smelt
闻；发出气味
retell
retold
retold
复述
5. 变其中一个辅音字母
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
build
built
built
建造
hear
heard
heard
听见
make
made
made
制造
mean
meant
meant
意思
send
sent
sent
送,寄
spend
spent
spent
花费
deal
dealt
dealt
处理
rebuild
rebuilt
rebuilt
重建
lend
lent
lent
借贷
6.辅音字母和元音字母都变
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
have
had
had
有,吃
lay
lain
lain
放
lose
lost
lost
丢失
pay
paid
paid
付钱
say
said
said
说
sell
sold
sold
卖
tell
told
told
告诉
stand
stood
stood
站
misunderstand
misunderstood
misunderstood
误解
shoot
shot
shot
放炮；开枪
understand
understood
understood
理解
五、AAB型
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
beat
beat
beaten
打败
六、有两种形式
原形
过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
bear
bore
born
生
bore
borne
hang
hanged
hanged
吊死
hung
hung
挂
learn
learned
learned
学
learnt
learnt
lie
lied
lied
说谎
lay
lain
躺
show
showed
showed
给……看
showed
shown
spell
spelled
spelled
拼写
spelt
spelt
burn
burned
burned
烧
burnt
burnt
smell
smelled
smelled
闻
smelt
smelt
shine
shined
shined
照耀
shone
shone
dream
dreamed
dreamed
做梦
dreamt
dreamt
wake
waked
waked
醒
woke
woken
hide
hid
hid
躲藏
hid
hidden
bite
bit
bit
咬
bit
bitten
light
lighted
iighted
点着
lit
lit
prove
proved
proved
证明
proved
proven
quit
quit
quit
放弃
quited
quited
rid
rid
rid
免除；去掉
ridded
ridded
saw
sawed
sawed
锯
sawed
sawn
sew
sewed
sewed
缝纫
sewed
sown
shine
shone
shone
发光；闪亮
shined
shined
sink
sank
sunk
下沉
sank
sunken
sow
sowed
sowed
种植
sowed
sown
spit
spat
spat
吐
spit
spit
spring
sprang
sprung
跳跃
sprung
sprung
wet
wet
wet
浸湿；弄湿
wetted
wetted
七、情态动词
原形过去式
过去分词
汉语意思
can
could
∕
能
may
might
∕
也许
must
∕
∕
必须
shall
should
∕
将要
will
would
∕
会
 
4
练习及答案
【典型考例1】（2019四川广元）---What did you do the day before yesterday?---I __________ for an English test.A. study  B. studied  C. studying【析】正确答案：B。句意是：前天你做了什么？我复习英语考试。根据上文的特殊疑问句为一般过去时，下文也应使用同样的时态，所以正确答案为B。
【典型考例2】（2019江苏南京）----Wendy, how long have you had the Huawei P30 Pro？ ----A couple of days. I______it last week.  A. bought B. buy C. will buy D. have bought【析】正确答案：A。句意是：温蒂，你买了华为P30Pro多久了？几天。上周我才买的。因为句末有表示一般过去时的时间状语last week（上周），因此该句动词应使用一般过去时，所以， 正确答案为A。
【典型考例3】（2019湖北鄂州）---Mary, I remember you ______several years ago.---Yes, I______ for 3 years.A. married, have married B. married, married   C. married, have been married D. have married, have been married【析】正确答案：C。句意是：玛丽，我记得你几年前结婚了。是的，我已经结婚3年了。第一句的宾语从句末有表示一般过去时的时间状语several years ago（几年前），故宾语从句的动词使用一般过去时。第二句因为句末有“for+段时间”，故句中动词应为表示延续性动词的现在完成时。所以，该题的正确答案为C。【典型考例4】（2019湖北武汉）. He_____ his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris.A.has met B. had met C. met  D. would meet【析】正确答案：C。句意是：他在巴黎观光时，遇见了他的英语老师。因为时间状语从句的谓语动词为一般过去时，主语的谓语动词表示动作在同时发生，故时态应一致，所以，正确答案为C。【强化练习】一、根据汉语，写出符合句子意思的单词，使句子完整。1.（2019江苏连云港） Leo wanted to catch the cat, but it ran away and_______（藏）behind the bushes in the garden.2.（2019浙江宁波） At the meeting the boss ________ (赞扬) John for the progress he made.3.（2019江苏苏州）Miss Zhang ________（订购）a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasn't arrived yet.4.（2019江苏泰州）President Xi Jinping _______ (颁发) the Top Science Award to Liu Yongtan and Qian Qihu for their great contributions to science and technology in January, 2019.5.（2019湖北荆门） The thieves     （偷）many things from the supermarket and were put into prison.6.（2019江苏镇江）Don’t give Eddie anything to eat. I ______(喂，喂养) him just now.二、用所给单词的正确形式，完成句子。1.（2019江苏连云港）Louis Cha Leung--yung , one of the greatest writers, ____ (pass away) last year. He built a fantastic wuxia world and created different types of heroes. 2.（2019湖北武汉）Although the storm broke many things apart,it______(bright)families and neighbors closer together.3.（2019湖北鄂州）A hen on my farm     (lay) a green egg yesterday.
4.（2019广西北部湾经济开发区）In the playground, I threw the ball to her and she____(catch) it.5.（2019黑龙江绥化）Jill cooked and _____ (lay) out the dishes on the table. 6.（2019黑龙江龙东地区）The teacher with his students _____ (be) proud of their performance after the School Music Festival.7.（2019江苏无锡）---Can you pour me some tea, please, Jenny?   ---Are you sure? I _______(think) you preferred coffee.8.（2019江苏无锡）"I _______(fail) over and over again in my life and there is why I succeed, " said Michael Jordan, a famous basketball player.9.（2019江苏南通）We       (discover) this beach while we were sailing around the island. 三、单项选择1.（2019四川达州）---Alex, why didn’t you answer my call at nine last night ? ---Sorry, I _____ my mobile phone at home. I ______ basketball in the park with my friends. A.forgot; played B.forgot; was playing C.left; played D.left; was playing 2.（2019甘肃庆阳）---I cant find my English textbook---Is it possible that you________ it at home? A. lost  B. saw  C. left  D. gave3.（2019江苏扬州）---My feelings for you have not changed.  ---But you have changed. You are not as you _____.    A. are  B. were C. will be D. have been 4.（2019四川德阳）---Could you tell me__________your holiday, Jim?   ---Yes. In Singapore.A.where did you spend B.how you spentC.where you spent  D.how will you spend5.（2019河北）He_________ me his name, but I can’t remember it now.A. tells B. will tell  C. told D. is telling6.（2019湖南邵阳）---Jack, you look more handsome in your new shirt today.    ---Oh, really ? I _____ it in a cheap store with my mom. A.buy B.will buy  C.bought 7.（2019大庆）---My car ____ yesterday. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow?   ---I’m sorry I can’t. I’m ____ Dalian tomorrow morning. A.breaks down; flying at  B.has broken down; flying at B.broke down; flying to   D.had broken down; flying to8.（2019广西桂林）He hasn’t communicated much with his parents since he _____ a mobile phone last year. A.got B.get C.gets 9.（2019昆明）---Where did you go last winter vacation?---I______to London with my family.A.go  B.have gone  C.went D.was going10.（2019青海）---______ a big clock on the wall ? ---Yes, but it was broken in the earthquake. A.Have you got  B.Did you have C. Was there 11.（2019河北）He_________ me his name, but I can’t remember it now.A. tells B. will tell  C. told D. is telling12.（2019甘肃天水）The teacher asked Li Hua             .A. why is he late for class  B. why he is late for classC. why was he late for class D. why he was late for class13.（2019贵州铜仁）“Could you tell me ___ last night?” “About ten.”A. when was the party over B. when the party was overC. when is the party over D. when the party is over四、完成句子1.（2019天津）上周，我的朋友大卫带着一本新书到我家来访。Last week. my friend David           with a new book.2.（2019甘肃敦煌）自我开始学英语以来，我结识了很多外国朋友。I have made many foreign friends_________ I ________learning English.3.（2019四川眉山）当爸爸承诺给我买一个ipad的时候，我多么激动啊！When my father          to buy me an ipad,          excited I was！4.（2019江苏连云港）Yesterday afternoon my brother __________（花了两个小时安装）a new light in our bedroom.5.（2019江苏连云港） Suddenly, Lucy saw a policeman near the bus station. "I may ask him for help" She___________（自言自语）6.（2019江苏淮安）今天早晨我们吃光了所有的蔬菜，最好去超市买一些。We _____ all the vegetables this morning, so we _______ buy some in the supermarket.7.（2019湖北黄冈）2019年亚洲文明对话大会上个月在北京举行。(take)Asian Dialogue Conference 2019_____  ___  in Beijing last month.8.（2018江苏无锡）赫本在《罗马假日》中扮演一位公主，堪称经典。Hepburn __________a princess in Roman Holiday and it is a classic.9.（2019江苏无锡）写作占去了我四分之三的假期，但我乐在其中。Writing _______________my holiday, but I enjoyed myself.10.（2019辽宁抚顺）弗兰克想出了这个好主意。Frank _________________________ this good idea.11.（2019内蒙古赤峰）上周, Jack从图书馆借了 5本书。Jack                the library last week.12.（2019江苏扬州）在那个时候，他别无选择，只能依靠自己。   ___________________________________________________13.（2019山东潍坊）上学期，玲玲的诗获得了一等奖。（win）   ___________________________________________________14.（2019四川达州）2019四川达州）Steve with me read Yu Gong Moves a mountain in the library last month.Steve with me _______  _______  Yu Gong Moves a mountain in the library last month.
15.（2019黑龙江绥化）2019黑龙江绥化）He cut the watermelon into four pieces. ______ he______ the watermelon into four pieces?
答案一、1.hid; 2.praised; 3.ordered; 4.issued; 5.stole; 6.fed二、1.passed away, 2.brought;3.laid;4.caught;5.laid;6.was; 7.thought; 8.failed; 9.discovered
三、1--5:DCBCC;6--10: CBACC; 11--13: CDB.四、1.came around；2.since, started/began; 3.promised,how; 4.spent two hours fixing;5.said to herself; 6.ate up,had better; 7.took place; 8. acted as/ played a role as9.took up three fourths / quarters of； 10.came up with/ thought of/ thought up；11.borrowed five books from； 12.He had no choice but to depend on himself at that time. ；13.Lingling’s poem /poems won thew first prize last term; 14.didn’t read ; 15.Did, cut;